Abstract
A study on mental arithmetic with increasing of age and its mechanism was accomplished in 172 normal subjects of 20 to 79 years of age. Five mental arithmetic tasks, “1000 − 1”, “1000 − 3”, “1000 − 7”, “1000 − 13”, “1000 − 17”, were designed with a serial calculation in which the subjects sequentially subtracted the same prime number (1, 3, 7, 13, 17) from another number 1000. The results indicated that: (1) There was an obvious interaction between age and mental arithmetic, and mental arithmetic efficiency (the ratio of accuracy to RT) decreased in power function with the advancing of age; (2) There were two mediators (latent variables) which were relative to speed component and non-speed component respectively in the aging process of mental arithmetic, and speed component had significant effect on non-speed component.
| Keywords: | mental arithmetic; age; Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) |
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