Abstract
Twelve predominant parental factors (father and mother: 'concerned', 'restricted', 'democratic', 'demanding', 'rational', and 'autocratic') were identified by the use of the Parent Image Differential (PID) with Hong Kong and Singapore Chinese samples. They were compared with those reported by Ginsburg et al. on American and Mexican samples. It was discovered that the Hong Kong parental factors have their counterparts in Singapore, and in American and Mexican subjects, i.e., the factor patterns were found similar among the four cultural groups. In other words, cross-cultural stability of these factors is clearly indicated. However, there are some interesting differences in the relative importance of these factors among the four different cultures. It is also hardly surprising to note that in view of the particular cultural backgrounds, these parental factors are relatively more similar in magnitude between Hong Kong and Singapore, and again between U.S.A. and Mexico, than between Asian and American groups. It is hoped that the results of this present pilot study should provide a theoretical framework for further investigation and more sophisticated statistical treatment.
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